Bivariate Data Analysis Common Core Algebra 1 Homework Answers
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Bivariate Data Analysis for Common Core Algebra 1 Homework Answers
If you are taking Common Core Algebra 1, you may encounter some homework problems that involve bivariate data analysis. Bivariate data analysis is the study of the relationship between two variables, such as height and weight, or temperature and ice cream sales. In this article, we will explain what bivariate data analysis is, how to create and interpret scatter plots, how to find and use best fit lines, and how to understand correlation and causation.
What is Bivariate Data Analysis?
Bivariate data analysis is a branch of statistics that deals with two variables, usually denoted by x and y. A variable is a quantity that can change or vary, such as age, height, weight, income, etc. Bivariate data analysis aims to explore how the two variables are related to each other, and whether there is a pattern or a trend in their values.
One way to analyze bivariate data is to create a scatter plot, which is a graph that shows the values of the two variables as points on a coordinate plane. The x-variable is usually plotted on the horizontal axis, and the y-variable is usually plotted on the vertical axis. For example, here is a scatter plot that shows the relationship between height (in inches) and weight (in pounds) for 10 students:
A scatter plot can help us visualize the relationship between the two variables, and see if there is a pattern or a trend in the data. For example, we can see from the scatter plot above that there seems to be a positive relationship between height and weight: as height increases, weight also tends to increase.
How to Find and Use Best Fit Lines?
A best fit line is a line that best represents the trend or pattern in a scatter plot. It is also called a line of best fit or a regression line. A best fit line can help us make predictions or estimates based on the bivariate data. For example, we can use the best fit line to estimate the weight of a student who is 70 inches tall, or the height of a student who weighs 150 pounds.
There are different methods to find a best fit line for a scatter plot, such as using a ruler or a graphing calculator. One common method is called the least squares method, which minimizes the sum of the squared errors between the actual y-values and the predicted y-values from the line. The equation of the best fit line has the form y = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept.
For example, here is a possible best fit line for the scatter plot of height vs weight:
The equation of this best fit line is y = 4.8x - 259.6. We can use this equation to make predictions or estimates based on the bivariate data. For example, we can estimate that a student who is 70 inches tall would weigh about 4.8(70) - 259.6 = 76.4 pounds. Or we can estimate that a student who weighs 150 pounds would be about (150 + 259.6)/4.8 = 85.3 inches tall.
How to Understand Correlation and Causation?
Correlation and causation are two important concepts in bivariate data analysis. Correlation measures how strong or weak the relationship between two variables is. Causation implies that one variable causes or affects another variable.
Correlation can be positive or negative, depending on whether the two variables tend to move in the same direction or in opposite directions. For example, height and weight have a positive correlation: as height increases, weight also tends to increase. On the other hand, temperature and ice cream sales have a negative correlation: as temperature increases, ice cream sales tend to decrease.
Correlation can also be measured by a number called the correlation
To calculate the correlation coefficient, we can use different formulas depending on the type of data we have. One common formula is called Pearson's r, which is given by:
where x and y are the two variables, x̄ and ȳ are their means, and sx and sy are their standard deviations. The summation sign Σ means to add up all the products of (x - x̄) and (y - ȳ) for each pair of data points, and then divide by n - 1, where n is the sample size.
For example, if we want to calculate the correlation coefficient between height and weight for the 10 students, we can use a table like this:
x (height in inches)y (weight in pounds)x - x̄y - ȳ(x - x̄)(y - ȳ)
64120-3.6-9.433.84
66130-1.60.6-0.96
681400.410.64.24
701502.420.649.44
721604.430.6134.64
741706.440.6259.84
761808.450.6424.64
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ȳ = 129
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∑ (x - x̄)(y - ȳ) = 1534
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To find the standard deviations of x and y, we can use another table like this:
x (height in inches)
x - x̄
(x - x̄)2
y (weight in pounds)
y - ȳ
(y - ȳ)2
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